pe水上工程管道浮体 DN300水面管线浮筒
在现代海洋石油工业中，海底管道系统承担着*其重要的使命。但很少有人知道，这一条条“海上生命线”如何从无到有，从近海走向深水。本次海管专题，带你了解“海上生命线”的前世今生，以及中国海油正盯紧哪些海底管道的前沿技术，它们将如何助力深水油气田的开发。海底管道作为海上油气资源传导输送的重要设备，被业界称为“海上生命线”。中国海油从无到有、从浅海走向深水的一步步历程，都离不开海底管道设计和施工技术的发展。
海洋、江湖等挖沙、抽沙疏浚输送管道在水上敷设时，往往面临管道本身或者管道内部输送物质重量较大而沉入水中的问题。此时，一种产品应运而生，那就是——中密度聚乙烯浮体。
1，水面使用的漂浮吸沙胶管。此种软管要求可以自浮在水面上，由于矿坑的落差比较大（100米）和输送的距离比较长，所以此部分的软管要有很高耐压力，根据测算设计压力为25公斤/平方厘米。要考虑到浮船会随水位的升降而上下移动和波浪引起横向位移。其内部结构与离岸使用的吸沙胶管一样（下面会介绍）不同之处是在软管外面加装了浮体。
整体管线的分为两个部分，一部分是水面使用，一部分是岸上使用。此两种软管的主要原材料为高耐磨耐腐蚀性橡胶，并且管壁里面加入帘线增强层和钢丝骨架层以保证软管的抗压力和抗撕裂性。软管连接方式为硫化法兰连接也就是法兰和软管为一个整体，不用担心法兰脱落的问题。
The wholepipeline is divided into two parts, one is using for surface andthe other is using for shore. The main raw materials for these twohoses are high abrasion and corrosion resistant rubber, and a cordreinforcement layer and a steel wire skeleton layer are addedinside the pipe wall to ensure the pressure resistance and tearresistance of the hose. The hose connection method is a vulcanizedflange connection, that is, the flange and the hose are integrated,and there is no need to worry about the flange fallingoff.
Floatingsand suction hose used on the surface of the water. This type ofhose is required to float on the surface of the water. Since thedrop of the pit is relatively large (100 m) and the distance of theconveyance is relatively long, the hose of this part must have ahigh pressure resistance. According to the calculation, the designpressure is 25 kg/ cm2. It is important to consider that thepontoon will move up and down with the rise and fall of the waterlevel and the waves will cause lateral displacement. The internalstructure is the same as the sand suction hose used offshore(described as below). The difference is that a floating body isadded to the outside of the hose.